铀酰-Salophen受体对α, β-不饱和羰基化合物及手性客体的分子识别

基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的计算方法,研究了不对称铀酰-salophen受体对α, β-不饱和羰基化合物客体及手性小分子的分子识别。理论计算结果表明:配合物中受体的U原子与客体的O3原子配位,且受体与客体之间结合能随受体上芳环取代基的增大而增大; R₂, R₃-系列配合物中U―O3键的稳定性比R₁-系列的更强;配位后的α, β-不饱和羰基化合物中C＝C与C＝O之间的共轭效应减弱。而且,通过圆二色谱(CD)及结合能计算表明:芘基铀酰-salophen (受体3)对(R)-1-(2-萘基)乙胺的分子识别选择性优于(S)-1-(2-萘基)乙胺。因而,这些研究结果为不对称铀酰-salophens具有分子识别能力提供了新的信息。     

Design,Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of Novel Sulfonylureas Containing Tetrahydrophthalimide Substructure

To develop novel sulfonylurea herbicides, a series of chlorsulfuron derivatives was designed and synthesized through introducing tetrahydrophthalimide substructure taken from protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase(PPO) inhibitors onto the critical 5-position of the classical benzene ring. The structures of title compounds were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectrometry, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. In addition, the crystal structure of compound II-5 was further determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Bioassay results showed that individual compounds exhibited good herbicidal activities, especially compound II-8, which displayed 100% inhibition rate against Echinochloa crusgalli at 150 g/ha(1 ha=10⁴ m²) with the method of foliage spray in the pot experiment.     

固态纳米孔对蛋白质易位的实验研究

蛋白质因其多样性和功能性,是生物体内一类非常重要的分子.通常蛋白质的表征需要借助荧光或者酶的标记.而纳米孔技术,得益于免标记、单分子检测等优势,为蛋白质的表征提供了新方向.我们使用固态纳米孔完成了单个蛋白质分子及蛋白质-蛋白质结合物的检测.可以发现,外部电压和电解质溶液的酸碱度会直接影响蛋白质分子表面带电量,从而加快或延迟其在孔内的易位时间.抗原、抗体本质上都是蛋白质,两者之间具有高度特异性.通过比较抗体溶液在添加特异性抗原前后的易位事件,实现了单个蛋白质分子和蛋白质-蛋白质结合物的区分.未来,纳米孔技术有望应用于多蛋白质分子的辨识、蛋白质分子相互作用机制等方面的研究.     

红外光学材料折射率均匀性的测量不确定度评定

基于多样品多型号仪器的测试信息及其GUM和MCM方法,讨论了四步干涉法测量红外光学材料折射率均匀性的测量范围及其测量不确定度评定。红外干涉测量的绝对灵敏度和准确度虽不及可见激光干涉仪,但采用了四步干涉测量的方法,消除了干涉仪的固有系统误差,有利于实现对红外光学材料折射率均匀性的高准确度测量。实际测试表明,该测量范围覆盖110-5～510-3,测量相对标准不确定度为210-1～210-2。     

He-Ne激光和紫外线对PHB产生菌的复合诱变效应

采用紫外线、He-Ne激光及紫外线与He-Ne激光复合作用的方法, 对本实验室的一株产PHB的细菌G-Q7进行诱变, 以提高其产量. 结果表明, 紫外线和He-Ne激光单独作用, 诱变效果不佳, 而二者的复合作用却能产生很好的效果. 用He-Ne激光辐照20 min再经紫外线照射150 s, 正变菌株的细胞量为11.5g/L, PHB含量为65%, 并具有良好的遗传稳定性. 对诱变前后菌株积累的PHB产物的外观、热性质和13C-NMR图谱进行分析, 结果表明该诱变使代谢途径中的某种酶发生了改变.     

A Smart Dental Floss for Biosensing of Glucose

The development of a simple directly wearable approach for the rapid, specific and sensitive determination of biomarkers is of great importance to a variety of biomedical applications. Dental floss can provide a unique device platform for sensing of oral biomarkers. We show here for the first time the development of a smart dental floss for biosensing of glucose. The sensor was made by painting carbon graphite ink and Ag/AgCl ink on dental floss. Via the immobilization of glucose oxidase, we show the detection of glucose with a detection range of 0.048 mM to 19.5 mM and a response time of about 2 min. It is expected that our results could provide new exciting opportunities for the development of various flexible smart sensing devices in oral health applications.     

Hydrocarbon-generated potential of bark coal components from Southern China

Barkinite is only found in Chinese coal and it has not been recognized by the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology. The hydrocarbon-generated ability of barkinite is still vague. In this work, the hydrocarbon-generated potential of barkinite and vitrinite from Mingshan coal mine in the South of China was investigated by Rock–Eval pyrolysis and solvent extraction analysis. Barkinite and vitrinite were separated by the density gradient centrifugation method. The results showed that barkinite had high hydrocarbon generation potential, as reflected by evidently high hydrogen index (HI) values (607.0 mg HC g^?1 TOC), S₁?+?S₂ values (297.4–475.7 mg HC g^?1), total hydrocarbon yield (23.55–30.20 mass%), and H/C atomic ratio (1.01). Both the S₁?+?S₂ and HI values of barkinite are higher than those of vitrinite. For barkinite, the range values of the temperature at which the S₂ peak is at its maximum (T_max) are from 437 to 446 °C, and for vitrinite are 436 °C. The extraction results represented that the total hydrocarbon yield of barkinite is from 23.55 to 30.20 mass%, while that of vitrinite is 23.99 mass%. This indicated that the high hydrocarbon generation ability of bark coal is greatly controlled by high barkinite content and followed by vitrinite content.

     

Practical Security Analysis of Self-Referenced CV-QKD System in the Presence of Polarization Aberration

How to remove local oscillator (LO) side channel attacks has been a notoriously hard problem in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD). In the self-referenced CV-QKD schemes, the LO signal is locally generated at the receiver by an independent laser so that it is not co-transmitted with the quantum signal. This simple solution removes all LO side channels. However it also introduces some other practical vulnerabilities. Especially the polarization states of the quantum signal and LO signal may not be identical across the detector because of the presence of the polarization aberrations. Thus, the detection efficiency which is arguably the most critical experiment parameter of the practical implementation will be impaired. In this paper, we analyze the impact of polarization aberrations on the detection efficiency for CV-QKD and propose a self-referenced CV-QKD scheme in the presence of polarization aberrations by using an off-axis optical system. In the proposed scheme, the polarization states of the quantum signal would change with the off-axis optical system, thus impairing the heterodyne efficiency. Our security analysis shows a gap between the theory and practice of CV-QKD.

     

Fabrication of ZnO/Al2O3 core-shell nanostructures and crystalline Al2O3 nanotube

We have demonstrated the crystalline ZnO-Al₂O₃ core-shell nanowire structure by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at a temperature 100 °C. The core-shell structure could have potential applications in the fabrication of ZnO field effect transistor. After dissolving the ZnO core, shape defined, rigid and robust crystalline Al₂O₃ shelled nanostructures have been fabricated. Nanowire ZnO nanostructures have been replicated by alumina shell. This is one of the most effective techniques for producing core-shell or shell/hollowed nanostructures of any desired objects. The Al₂O₃ shelled nanostructures could have potential applications as space confined nanoreactors, drug delivery, nanofluidic channels and optical transmitting.     

Illumination technique based on integrating sphere with an unequal radius, hyper-uniform luminance and large-field angle

In order to meet the measurement requirements of image sensors’ uniformity of the CCD system with a large-field angle, the design for the form and structure of the integrating sphere, with 600–800 mm and hyper-uniform luminance double hemisphere is presented. LightTools software is used for simulation. The simulation result indicates that the compact structure of the integrating sphere with asymmetric double hemisphere renders both the design values and systematic performance parameters superior to those of the common integrating sphere. The integrating sphere system designed is manufactured and its optical parameters are tested. The test result indicates that at the outlet of the integrating sphere, the variation of illuminance is less than 2.3%, and the variation of luminance on the inner surface is less than 4.4%. Hence, it is concluded that this system can be widely utilized in measuring image sensors’ uniformity of the photoelectric imaging system with a large-field angle.